Policy

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Policy
The protocol automatically determines the premium or policy fees by taking numerous aspects such as policy term/cover duration, adverse selection, sum insured, utilization ratio, total pool balance, reassurance pool, NPM provision pool, etc into account. 
Equation:
The policy fee denoted PFP_FPF​
 is given by the equation
x:x<C∩x>Fx=CA+ct+(IP∗IR)PF=CD100+xx : x < C  \cap x > F 
\\
x = \frac{C_A+c}{t+(I_P*I_R)}
\\

P_F = \frac{C_D}{100} + x

x:x<C∩x>Fx=t+(IP​∗IR​)CA​+c​PF​=100CD​​+x
where the value of x is always between constantsFFF
and CCC
, ccc
 is the cover commitment amount, ttt
 is the total balance of the pool, CDC_DCD​
 is the policy duration desired, CAC_ACA​
 is the desired cover amount, IPI_PIP​
 is incident support pool amount for the cover pool , IRI_RIR​
 is incident support pool capitalization ratio.
For simplicity, this equation can also be written as:
PF=(CD/100)+(CA+c)/(t+(IP∗IR)){P_F=(C_D/100) + (C_A+c)/(t+(I_P*I_R))}PF​=(CD​/100)+(CA​+c)/(t+(IP​∗IR​))
Check the following page to calculate cover fees:
​https://calculator.npm.claims​
Policy costs vary among pools and may be very expensive or cheap depending on available liquidity and demand. Higher policy costs entice more liquidity providers to take risks, which helps to reduce the policy charge.
Market vs Adverse Selection
Soft Market
When there is high liquidity available (supply) and relatively low proposers (demand), the policy fees are lower. Unless there is massive fear in the market, well-established projects, exchanges, and custody providers generally fall into this category. The assumption is--liquidity providers want to pool liquidity for high-quality and secure projects because there may be a relatively lesser likelihood of exploits. On the demand side, users may also feel less nervous about purchasing protection which equates to less demand.
The soft market is the seller's market and signifies strong brand trust and customer loyalty. Returns are less to the liquidity providers, but the risks are also lower.
Hard Market
In the hard market, the number of proposers would be high, but the cover pool would have relatively less liquidity available. Because of the high demand from proposers, the cover fees get higher. This attracts more liquidity providers to take more risks to get higher returns. The assumption is--the users may feel nervous about an unproven or relatively new project that there is a higher likelihood of attacks and exploits. They would therefore want to purchase a policy to protect against possible attacks. On the supply side, liquidity providers feel nervous about possible liquidations and therefore want higher returns.
The hard market is the buyer's market and a good opportunity for liquidity providers to earn a handsome return by taking risks. Reach out to the Neptune Mutual team to get assistance on increasing your brand awareness and attracting more liquidity providers.
Adverse Selection
Adverse selection refers to a situation when either the seller or buyer has more information than the other party. For example, a cover creator could have insider information on their project and use that information to attack or gain an unfair advantage against Neptune Mutual protocol, liquidity providers, or policyholders.
A malicious project can cleverly word their cover rules (or parameters) and purchase large protection. They can then attack their project to claim and receive a payout.
As a cover project, building the trust of the community and liquidity providers takes time and great effort. Offer reassurance support to the liquidity providers, do not create deceptive cover rules, use best security practices, and demonstrate to the community that you are trustworthy.
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As a liquidity provider, carefully examine all cover parameters and reach out to the cover projects for clarification if you have doubts. Offer to pool the risk only if you can trust a project.
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Last modified 3mo ago
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Outline
Market vs Adverse Selection
Soft Market
Hard Market
Adverse Selection